Scotland

Ñòðàíèöà: 12/13

The real Scotland is not found in a single moment – nor is it contained in a single season. Though the moorlands turn purple in summer, Scotland in spring is famed for its clear light and distant horizons, while autumn’s colours transform the woodlands… and what could be more picturesque than snow-capped hills seen from the warmth of your hotel room?

Scenery, history, hospitality, humour, climate, traditions are offered throughout the year.

Even if you can feel it now you should visit Scotland all the same, and see and enjoy this magic country with your own eyes!

Appendices

Scotland: its early peoples.

The chronology of the main events in the history of Scotland.

1st century Picts prevented Romans from penetrating far into Scotland.

5th – 6th centuries Christianity was introduced into Scotland from Ireland.

9th century Kenneth MacAlpin united kingdoms of Scotland.

1263 Haakon, King of Norway, was defeated by Scots at Battle of Largs.

1292 – 1306 English domination:

in 1292 – 1296 Scotland was ruled by John Baliol;

in 1296 – 1306 Scotland was annexedto England.

1314 Robert Bruce defeated English at Bannockburn.

1328 England recognized Scottish independence.

1603 James VI became James I of England.

1638 Scottish rebellion against England.

1651 Cromwell conquered Scotland.

1689 Jacobites were defeated at Killiecrankie.

1707 Act of Union with England.

1715, 1745 Failed Jacobites risings against Britain.

1945 First Scottish nationalist member of British Parliament was elected

Practical part:

1. Who in Scotland consider themselves of purer Celtic blood?

2. When was a new Scottish Parliament elected?

3. What was the Beaker civilization famous for?

4. Why was it so difficult to control the Highlands and islands?

5. To whom does Scotland owe its clan system?

6. Why did Edward I stole the Stone of Destiny?

7. What do the words written on Edward’s grave mean?

8. Can you explain the name of Scotland’s capital, Edinburgh?

9. What giant thing can Edinburgh Castle boast?

10. What did the Military Tattoo originally mean?

11. Who brought St. Giles’ Cathedral into great prominence?

12. What is the emblem of Scotland? Where can it be seen?

13. Why are the Royal Museum and the Museum of Scotland worth visiting?

14. Which museum in Scotland is the “noisiest” in the world? Why?

15. Why do they call Edinburgh “the Athens of the North”?

16. What is Edinburgh’s answer to London’s Oxford Street?

17. Where did the national Scottish dress come from?

18. Why was it so important to decorate wool differently?

19. What is the real origin of the bagpipe?

20. What does the motto of the Presbyterian Church mean?

Literature

1. “Discovering Britain” Pavlozky V. M., St Petersburg, 2000.

2. “Britain in brief” Oshepkova V. V., Shustilova I. I., Moscow, 1997.

3. “Across England to Scotland” Markova N. N., Moscow, 1971.

4. “Pages of Britain’s history” Kaufman K. I., Kaufman M. U., Obninsk,

1998.

5. “An illustrated history of Britain” McDowall D., Edinburgh, 1996.

6. “Robert Burns country” Swinglehurst E., Edinburgh, 1996.

7. “English for intermediate level” Part I, Moscow, 1995.

8. “Welcome to Edinburgh”, guide-book 1998/99.

[1] In Scottish “loch”means “lake”.

[2] Beaker civilization – prehistoric people thought to have been of Iberian origin, who spread out over Europe from the 3rd millennium BC. They were skilled in metalworking, and are identified by their use of distinctive earthenware drinking vessels with various design.

[3] “Highland Line” – the division between highland and lowland

Ðåôåðàò îïóáëèêîâàí: 29/08/2008